- Need for course
- Importance of aquitards
- Types of aquitards
- Location for course (glacial
and bedrock)
- Hydrogeology of aquitards
o
Deposition,
genesis
o
Fractures
o
Dangers
of hydrostratigraphic characterization in aquitards studies
o
Role
in regional flow systems
o
Historical
perspectives
Session 2: Hydraulics of aquitards
- Vertical ground water movement
- Horizontal flow
- Key parameters (K, S, n)
- Porous vs fracture-dominated
flow
- Calculation of flow rates
- Effects of scale
Session 3: Strategy for field investigations of aquitards
- Purpose (water supply vs contaminant studies)
- Conceptual models: spatial variability and transport pathways
- Collecting internal and external data
- Refining the conceptual model
Classroom workshop 1: Interpretation
of Hydraulic Gradients through Aquitards
- Eau Claire aquitard
- Maquoketa shale
- Lake Oshkosh
- Fermilab
Session 4: Evaluating hydraulic properties of aquitards
- Laboratory tests, time response
- Slug tests
- Pumping tests - use and abuse
- Packer tests
- Regional drawdown
- Models
- Extrapolation to larger areas
Session 5: Monitoring and Field
Instrumentation for Aquitard Studies
- Traditional piezometer nests
- Horizontal nests
- Multi-level monitoring systems
- Buried transducers
Session 6: Transport through aquitards
- Basic processes of transport
- Dissolved species
- NAPLs and DNAPLs
- Particulates, viruses
Session 7: Geophysical techniques in aquitard evaluation
- Choosing the appropriate
geophysical tool
- Surface techniques to delineate
thickness and extent
- Borehole techniques to identify
lithologies and flows
Session 8: Water sampling from
aquitards
- Water quality parameters and inorganic chemical species
- Purging and sampling wells in a low-K environment
- Sampling pore water
Session 9: Isotope techniques in
aquitard studies
- Tritium
- Oxygen-18/deuterium
- Carbon-14
Day Two: Wednesday, May 9, 2007
Session 10.
Midwestern Glacigenic Aquitards I. Depositional environments, primary
depositional properties, and stratigraphy
- Complexity
of glacigenic aquitard sequences in the Midwest
- Subglacial
depositional environment: aquitards and properties
- Supraglacial,
ice-marginal, and ice-contact depositional environments: aquitards and
properties
- Glacilacustrine/Lacustrine
depositional environments: aquitards and properties
- Midwestern
Quaternary stratigraphy: unraveling the complexity of site-specific
sequences
Session 11: Characterizing Aquitards
and Identifying Unexpected Field Conditions during Field Activities
- Key elements of boring log
information for aquitards studies
- Mechanics of field analysis and
recognition of unexpected subsurface conditions
Session 12: Fermilab Stratigraphic Sequence: Glacial
Succession and Bedrock Stratigraphy
- Stratigraphic Framework
- Ground Water Movement and Hydrogeologic
Monitoring
FIELD COMPONENT
Depart NIU Extension at
10:30am; Arrive Fermilab Field Site (Muon Lab Nested Well Field Area) at
11:00am
Field Workshop 1: Characterizing Aquitards
in the glacial setting using an angle-boring with continuous rotasonic sampling
by Boart Longyear Company
- Recent advances in rotasonic sampling
- Depositional environments and
secondary weathering zones
- Building the stratigraphic
framework
- Dangers of hydrostratigraphic
characterization in aquitards studies
- Fracture investigation
techniques and analysis
Field Workshop 2: Mapping Aquitards
using direct push by Geoprobe Systems
- Geoprobe® Hydraulic Profiling
Tool (HPT) with Electric Conductivity (EC) Logging---Real-time output of
electrical conductivity with a hydraulic pressure profile of the soil
strata.
- Cone Penetration Testing (CPT)
using the Geoprobe 6625CPT Machine---Real-time output from a cordless CPT
Cone (Tip, Sleeve, Pore Pressure and Inclination)
- Sample data outputs from the
Field Site for viewing. Presented or made available for attendees
prior to the Field demonstrations.
Field Workshop 3: Field techniques for characterizing hydraulic
gradients and sampling ground water in aquitards
- Discrete vertical ground water
sampling and profiling using a specifically designed FLUTe System for this
course.
Field Workshop 4: Slug Testing
Aquitards
- Measuring water levels in
nested wells and calculating vertical seepage rates
- Speeding up test durations for
slug tests in low-K units
- Introduction of the Lo-K "! Slug
Test Assembly
Depart Fermilab at 5pm;
arrive at NIU Extension at 5:30pm
Hospitality
Suite sponsored by I.E.S. Cap-It-All Products, Inc.
At the Holiday
Inn Select; Diehl Road, Naperville
Day Three: Thursday, May 10, 2007
Session 13: Aquitards in groundwater
flow models
- Modeling concepts
- Parameter estimation
- Sensitivity
Session 14: Pathogenic Virus Contamination in Deep
Aquifers
- Background and history of virus
contamination
- Status of problem and degree of
hazards
- Various on-going research
- Assessment of sampling
techniques, storage, shipping, and analysis for viruses in ground water
Session 15: Midwestern
Glacigenic Aquitards II.
- Secondary
weathering and related effects Weathering zones and alteration of primary
depositional properties
- Fractures
in glacigenic aquitards: subglacial shear, ice-contact faulting, vertical
jointing, and natural and man-induced fracturing (river and lake bluff
lines, excavations, etc.)
- Preliminary
observations on vertical jointing in Midwestern Quaternary deposits:
geometry, origin, significance
Classroom Workshop 2 (Fractures in
Fine-Grained Sediments)
- Learn how professionals use a
variety of techniques to identify and characterize fractures, macropores,
and other discontinuities in aquitards. Share your successes and ideas
during a special workshop session.
Session 16: LNAPL in Fine Grain Soils
- Big pores and little mores
the significance of macropores
- Role of threshold entry
pressure in multi fluid systems
- Does LNAPL float on the water
table in Fine Grained Soils?
- Vertical gradients in Fine
Grained Soils with changing rainfall conditions
- Impact on saturations in Fine
Grained Soils and other soils
Session 17: Modeling LNAPL
distribution and recovery
- Residual LNAPL saturations in
Fine Grained Soil
- Considerations for modeling
LNAPL in Fine Grained Soils
- API LNAPL Distribution and
Recovery Model
- Example model application in
Fine Grained Soils and in LNAPL under confined conditions
Session 18: Bedrock Aquitard Case
Studies
- Regional distribution,
thickness, and geometry
- Hydrogeologic nature and
impacts from local water supplies
- Maquoketa shale
- Eau Claire aquitard
Session 19: Sedimentary Sequence Aquitard Case Studies
- Glacial lake Oshkosh clays
- More
Session 20: Course wrap up and
discussion of participant s problem
- Participants are encouraged to
bring their aquitard-related projects to the course and present them to
the entire class. Presentations
are on a first come, first served basis and are limited to 15 minutes
maximum. Presentations that
include corporate promotion are not permitted and all presentations are
requested to be submitted before April 20 to Midwest GeoSciences Group for
review.
Course Adjourns at 5pm.
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Registration:
Advance registration is necessary in this limited-enrollment workshop to reserve space and receive course materials. A confirmation letter will be sent within 10 days of registering for the course.
Registration is accepted on a first come, first served basis. A minimum of 25 people must be registered by April 26th to conduct this course.
Special arrangements for diet, equipment, or handicap facilities should be indicated when registering for the course.
You can register:
- Online Registration Form
- Phone: 763.607.0092
- Fax: 763.658.1539
- Mail your registration form to:
Midwest GeoSciences Group
6771 County Road 8 SW
Waverly, Minnesota 55390
What to bring:
Bring a calculator and any field forms that you normally use for field work. Dress according for variable weather.
Bring a camera too. Fermilab is a scientist s wonderland and there are many things to see and do.
What you will receive:
You will receive 24.0 contact hours of instruction, a Course Notebook, a Field Guide for Soil and Stratigraphic Analysis and a Field Guide for Rock Core Logging and Fracture Analysis by Midwest GeoSciences Group, and a CEU completion certificate from Northern Illinois University.
Continental breakfast, morning coffee break, lunch, and an afternoon break will be served with the course. Recording devices are not permitted during classroom sessions.
Cancellations:
Cancellations may be made up to two weeks before the course, however, 25 percent of the course fee will be charged. Cancellations made after two weeks before the course will be charged $300. No refunds. One substitute is allowed for each registrant who is unable to attend.
Continuing Education Information
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Continuing Education Units (CEUs) and a Course Completion Certificate will be administered by Northern Illinois University.
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Most state professional licensure programs accept CEUs for this course.
Classroom Venue
Northern Illinois University Extension Campus
1120 East Diehl Road
Naperville, Illinois 60563
The NIU Extension Campus is located in Naperville approximately ½-mile west of Naper Boulevard (Exit off of I-88 Tollway). The NIU Extension Campus is located approximately ½-mile from the Holiday Inn Select. Although a hotel shuttle is available by reserving it through the Holiday Inn Select, the distance is walkable on a nice day using the sidewalk.
Travel:
If you are flying to Chicago, Fermilab is located in Batavia, Illinois which is approximately 20 miles from O Hare Airport and 25 miles from Midway Airport.
Transportation to and from Chicago O'Hare Airport or Midway Airport is available by limousine, taxi or car rental. There is no public transportation to Fermilab.
Car Rental
All of the usual rental companies (Hertz, Avis, Budget, National, etc.) are located at the airports. For the best price, we recommend Ace Rent-a-Car at O'Hare Airport, telephone 1-800-243-3443 or 847-297-3350, as their prices are competitive and include the cost of insurance.
Limousine Service
Reservations for limousine service should be made in advance when possible. West Suburban Limousine: 1-800-345-LIMO or 630-668-9600. For pickup instructions after your arrival at O'Hare Airport or Midway Airport, call 1-800-942-LIMO.
Taxis
Following is a list of taxi cab companies users can call if they need transportation offsite. There are many more listed in the Yellow Pages.
American Taxi
Naperville (630) 305-3908
Driving Directions:
From Chicago
From Chicago, travel west on the Eisenhower (I-290) to I-88 (80 cents) Exit I-88 at the Farnsworth exit, north or right (60 cents). Farnsworth becomes Kirk Road. Follow Kirk Road to Pine Street. Turn right at Pine Street, Fermilab's main entrance.
From O'Hare Airport
From O'Hare, take I-90 east toward Chicago. After just a couple of miles, take I-294 south, toward Indiana (80 cents) From I-294 take the exit to I-88, the east-west tollway, toward Aurora (80 cents). From I-88, take the Farnsworth exit (60 cents). Turn north onto Farnsworth. Farnsworth becomes Kirk Road. Follow Kirk Road to Pine Street. Turn right on Pine Street, the Main Entrance to Fermilab. Come to Wilson Hall, the High Rise, you'll see it sticking up off the prairie.
From Midway Airport
Take Cicero Avenue North to the Stevenson Expressway South (I-55) to I-355 North (toward Northern Suburbs). Take I-355 to the East-West tollway (I-88). Take I-88 West for approximately 10 miles to the Farnsworth North Exit and turn right. Travel 2.9 miles to the Pine Street entrance to the Fermilab site.
Accommodations
A block of rooms is reserved at the Holiday Inn Select in Naperville until April 6. Mention MidwestGeo to receive the guaranteed rate of $149.00/night plus taxes.
Holiday Inn Select
SW Corner of Diehl Road and Naper Boulevard
Naperville, Illinois
Phone: 630.505.4900
Accessing Fermilab:
Visitors may enter Fermilab through the Pine Street or the Batavia Road entrances. After presenting identification, most visitors will simply pass through the security checkpoint after telling the security officer the purpose for their visits. Roadways that are off limits to visiting members of the public are posted with signs, and motorists will be given site maps to guide them to the public areas.
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory:
We chose Fermilab for this course location because of the regional thick glacial aquitard and the deep bedrock aquitards beneath the site.
Fermilab is a Department of Energy facility and is approximately 10 mi2 in size dedicated to basic research into particle physics - investigating the smallest building blocks of matter separated by the smallest distances that science has ever explored.
http://www.fnal.gov
 
Geologic Setting at Fermilab:
The distinctive formations, members, and facies that comprise the Quaternary-age sequence at Fermilab were first identified by Landon and Kempton (1971). These formations, members, and facies differ in origin, physical properties, and hydrogeologic characteristics. They affect ground water flow, and because the sequence is dominated by fine-grained subglacial tills, the units collectively behave as an aquitard over the underlying Silurian-age bedrock aquifer. However each unit exhibits a different vertical seepage rate and thus vertical seepage is dependent on the thickness and distribution of each unit at any given area.
The Quaternary-age Lemont Formation at most areas across Fermilab is approximately 65 feet thick and is subdivided into two members, the Yorkville and Batestown members. The Yorkville Member is further subdivided into three informal, but distinctive facies that include, from the top downward, a resedimented glacial facies, Facies A, Facies B, and Facies C. Facies A, B, and C are each composed of uniform, clayÓırich diamicton, and each is interpreted to be subglacial till deposited by consecutive glacial advances. The Yorkville Member overlies the Batestown Member, the oldest member of the Lemont Formation at the Fermilab site. The Batestown Member, in contrast to the overlying Yorkville Member, is composed primarily of diamicton that is courser than the overlying units and also includes occasional discontinuous beds of sorted meltwater deposits. The following schematic presents the Quaternary-age stratigraphic units at Fermilab.
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